Salix cinerea, Belgium, prov. Namur, Romedenne; leg. Sébastien Carbonnelle © Gilles San Martin

wing (from Rübsaamen, 1892b)

wing (from Stelter, 1980a)

gall

Multilocular, mostly all-sided, ± 10 mm thick and up to 50 mm long irregular swelling of a thin branch; sometime several together, than sometime coalescing. Often that bark is cracked and flaky. The dormant buds are irregularly distributed ver the surface. Fresh galls are green, old ones dark brown. Lesser galls also occur in the petioles and even the midrib. The gall chambers lie in all layers of the wood, each one with a single orange larva or pupa. Prior to emergence the puparium work themselves out of the gall at a randomly chosen spot; this in contrast to R. dubiosa, of which the pupa can only leave the gall by way of a dormant bud.

host plants

Salicaceae, monophagous

Salix alba, arbuscula, aurita, babylonica, canariensis, caprea, cinerea, daphnoides, elaeagnos, excelsa, x fragilis, glabra, hastata, helvetica, myrsinites, nigra, pentandra, purpurea, repens.

Mainly Salix aurita, caprea, cinerea, repens.

phenology

A single generation per year. The larva hibernates in the gall and pupates there in spring.

larva

the mature larva is described by Nijveldt & Yukawa (1982a).

spatulas of specimens from Salix aurita (a, d), S. cinerea (b) and S. caprea (c) (from Rübsaamen, 1916a)

Salix caprea, Kraaienbergse plassen, 7.xii.2025 © Onno Bosma

larva

head

sternum, spatula

tip of the spatula

anal segment, dorsal (from Nijveldt, 1977a)

pupa

See Stelter (1980a). At the base of the prothoracic horns a distinct small tooth (absent in R. dubiosa).

pupa (from Rübsaamen, 1892b)

head (from Kieffer, 1901a)

synonyms

Cecidomyia salicina Bouché, 1834; Cecidomyia, Dasineura, Dichelomyia, Rhabdophaga, salicis; Dichelomyia, Rhabdophaga noduli Rübsaamen, 1895.

inquilines

As a specialised predator lives in the galls Lestodiplosis gammae.

references

Barnes (1951a), Béguinot (2002e, 2005a, 2006a, 2012a), Bellmann (2012a), Bruun (2015a), Buhr (1965a), Charles, Nef, Allegro, ao (2014a), Cilbircioğlu & Ünal (2009a), Cogolludo (1921a), Coulianos & Holmåsen (1991a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Deckert & Deckert (2016a), Dietrich (2016a), Docters van Leeuwen (1936a), oğanlar (2017a), Gagné (2010a), de Vere Graham & Gijswijt (1998a), Hellrigl (2010a), Houard (1908a), Kieffer (1888a, 1892a, 1895b), Kollár (2011a), Kopelke & Amendt (2002a), Lambinon, Schneider & Feitz (2001b), Lehmann & Hannover (2016a), Löw (1888a), Mirumian (2011a), Nijveldt (1977a), Nijveldt & Yukawa (1982a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Roskam (2009a), Roskam & Carbonnelle (2015a), Rübsaamen (1892a,b, 1895b, 1916a), Rübsaamen & Hedicke (1926a), Simova-Tošić & Skuhravá (2001a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1996a,b, 2000a, 2004a, 2007a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Postolovski (2007a), Skrzypczyńska (2007a), Skuhravá (2006a), Skuhravá, Bayram, Çam ao (2005a), Skuhravá, Karimpour, Sadeghi ao (2014a), Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1994a, 1997a, 1999a, 2003a, 2010a, 2012a, 2021a: 240), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Blasco-Zumeta & Pujade-Villar (2006a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Carbonnelle (2017a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dauphin & Coutin (2005a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dončev & Dimitrova (1991a, 1992a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Hellrigl (2001a, 2002a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Jørgensen (2006a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Meyer (2014a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Neacsu (1972a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Skrzypczyńska & Szadziewski (2008a), Stelter (1956a, 1978a, 1980a, 1988a), Tavares (1905a), Tomasi (2014a), Unal & Akkuzu (2009a).