Semudobia betulae (Winnertz, 1853)
birch seed midge
on Betula

Betula pendula, Norway, Ellingsrud, Munkebekken, 23.ii.2021 © Hallvard Elven: female

Betula pendula, Norway, Ellingsrud, Munkebekken, 23.ii.2021 © Hallvard Elven: female

Betula pubescens, Norway, Inndyr, Holmvatnet, 21.vii.2019 © Hallvard Elven: gall

Betula pendula, Norway, Ellingsrud, Munkebekken, 23.ii.2021 © Hallvard Elven: gall

Betula pendula, Norway, Ellingsrud, Munkebekken, 23.ii.2021 © Hallvard Elven: gall

Betula pendula, Norway, Ellingsrud, Munkebekken, 23.ii.2021 © Hallvard Elven: gall

Betula pendula, Norway, Ellingsrud, Munkebekken, 23.ii.2021 © Hallvard Elven: male

Betula pendula, Loenen (Ge), 10.vi.2020 © Arnold Grosscurt: normal gall, double gall, and two ungalled nutlets

opened double gall
Betula pendula, Amstelveen, Schinkelbos, 18.ix.2007; occupies gall; often the wings of the fruitlet are more severely malformed then the case is here
Betula pendula, Amsterdamse Waterleidingduinen, 20.viii.2008; vacated gall
Betula pendula, Vreeland, Lambertskade, 11.viii.2012: larva
Betula pendula, Diemen, 17.x.2006; parasitised gall

wing (from Rübsaamen, 1892b)
gall
Characteristically, the wings of the fruitles are still present, but irregular and disfigured. The gall has large and conspicuous window (preformed exit opening). The gall contains a single, orange, larva. The larva hibernates in the gall and pupates in spring.
host plants
Betulaceae, monophagous
Betula nana, pendula, pubescens, pubescens var. glabrata.
Preference for B.pendula (Roskam & van Uffelen)
larva

prosternum with spatula (from Möhn, 1955a)
synonyms
Ceckdomyia, Hormomyia, Oligotrophus, betulae.
inquilines
references
Bachmaier (1965a), Barnes (1951a), Béguinot (2006b, 2012a), Bellmann (2007b, 2012a), Bruun (2015a), Buhr (1964b), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Gagné (2010a), Grosscurt (2022b), Houard (1908a), Kieffer (1891a), Koops (2013a), Lambinon, Carbonnelle & Claerebout (2015a), Lambinon, Schneider & Feitz (2001b), Möhn (1955a), Popescu (2009a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Roques, Cleary, Matsiakh & Eschem (2017a), Roskam (1977a, 1979a, 2009a), Roskam & Carbonnelle (2015a), Roskam & van Uffelen (1981a), Rübsaamen (1891g, 1892b), Rübsaamen & Hedicke (1926a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá Skuhravý (1996a, 2000a, 2004a, 2007a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Postolovski (2007a), Skrzypczyńska (2007a), Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1988a, 1997a,b, 1999a,b, 2005b,c, 2006a, 2007a, 2009a, 2010a,b, 2012a, 2021a: 52), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Buhr (2013a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Carbonnelle (2017a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dauphin & Coutin (2005a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dončev & Dimitrova (1991a, 1992a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Hellrigl (2001a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Jørgensen (2006a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Meyer (2014a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Neacsu (1972a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Skrzypczyńska & Szadziewski (2008a), Tomasi (2014a).