1a mined leaves not connected by spinning => 2

1b mined leaves connected by, or spun in, silk => 4

1c galls, etc. => Tables for all parasites per species

2a only one leaf is mined => 3

2b several leaves are mined; mine mostly in the upper half of a leaf: Argyresthia fundella

3a larva bores from the top down to the base, then penetrates the twig and continues living as a borer: Zeiraphera ratzeburgiana

3b larva partly mines a leaf, then uses this part as a case in which it lives freely: Nemophora associatella

4a larvae mine only when young (summer and autumn) => 5

4b larvae continue as miners after hibernation => 9

5a larva: head light brown: Cymolomia hartigiana

5b head dark brown or black => 6

6a larva with remarkably long setae: Batrachedra pinicolella

6b setae of normal length, rather short => 7

7a larva: pinacula concolorous with the rest of tne => 8

7b pinacula dark brown, dark green: Archips oporana

8a larva: bright green, like the young leaves: Dichelia histrionana

8b pale greenish: Epinotia pygmaeana

9a larva: all crochets of prolegs of equal length => 10

9b crochets differ in length: Epinotia subsequana

10a larva: rear margin of prothoracic plate with a dark median spot; yellowish green: Epinotia pusillana

10b prothoracic plate unmarked; bright green: Epinotia fraternana